The Raven’s Beak

The Strong Land Army vs. the Strong Naval Force – The Prelude to the First Punic War In the middle of the 3rd century before Christ, the two great powers in the western Mediterranean were the growing Roman Republic and the growing Carthaginian Empire.  In the area of maritime skills and experience the Roman Republic … Read more

The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest – AD 9

The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (a.k.a. the Varian Disaster) In AD 9, a confederation of Germanic tribes acted in unison to ambush and annihilate 3 Roman legions marching in the Teutoburg Forest, in the eastern portion of modern-day German. This massive defeat of the ambushed Romans is also know as the Varian Disaster. It took … Read more